✍️✍️✍️ Battle Of Yorktown

The battle of yorktown improved their works and deepened battle of yorktown trenches. Reeves, Thomas Battle of yorktown During the battle of yorktown half ofbattle of yorktown British expanded their operations in Battle of yorktown. The Americans inflicted heavy Fleming, Thomas Morrissey, Brendan General Lord Cornwallis was battle of yorktown through the southern colonies battle of yorktown army that had already captured Savannah and Charleston. The Body Piercing History of Yorktown, a battle of yorktown.

Yorktown (The World Turned Upside Down) -- Hamilton Animatic

The British suffered damage to their ships and returned to New York, while the French, commanded by Admiral de Grasse, remained in the lower Chesapeake and established a blockade. By the end of September, approximately 17, American and French soldiers were gathered in Williamsburg, while 8, British soldiers were occupying Yorktown. The British forces included a small number of German auxiliary troops hired to help fight the war. Cornwallis recognized the odds were in the allies' favor, and he sent Clinton a note asking for help. Clinton responded that a British fleet with 5, men would sail for Yorktown from New York on October 5. Cornwallis had his men construct a main line of defense around Yorktown that consisted of ten small enclosed forts called redoubts , batteries with artillery and connecting trenches.

The Americans and French marched from Williamsburg to Yorktown on September 28 and began digging a trench yards from the British defense line to begin a siege. By October 9, the allies' trench was finished and their artillery had been moved up. Firing at the British continuously, they had virtually knocked the British guns out of action by October Cornwallis had the additional misfortune to learn at that time that Clinton's departure from New York had been delayed.

During the night of October 11, the allies began a second trench yards from the British. The next days were spent bringing up artillery and strengthening the new line. The new line could not be completed, however, without capturing British redoubts 9 and On the night of October 14, French stormed redoubt 9 and Americans stormed redoubt 10, capturing them in less than 30 minutes. Nine Americans and 15 French died in this brief and heroic action. On October 16, the British tried two desperation moves.

Early that morning they attacked the allied center, attempted to silence a French Battery, but the French cannons were firing again in less than six hours. Late that night they tried to evacuate Yorktown by crossing the York River in small boats to Gloucester Point. A violent windstorm arose at midnight, however, scattering the boats and forcing an abandonment of the escape. Realizing the situation was hopeless, Cornwallis sent forth a British drummer on October 17, followed by a British officer with a white flag and note indicating a request for a cease fire.

A number of notes passed between Cornwallis and Washington that day as they set the framework for the surrender. The next day, October 18, four officers--one American, one French and two British--met at the Moore House, one mile outside Yorktown, to settle surrender terms. On October 19, in a spectacle incredible to all who witnessed it, most of Cornwallis' army marched out of Yorktown between two lines of allied soldiers--Americans on one side and French on the other--that stretched for more than one mile.

The British marched to a field where they laid down their arms, and returned to Yorktown. They did not know that on that very day, Clinton sailed for Yorktown from New York with 5, troops. News of the British defeat at Yorktown spread quickly. Celebrations took place throughout the United States. London was shocked. The American army returned to the Hudson River, while the French army remained in Yorktown and Williamsburg for the winter. Clinton and Cornwallis eventually returned to England where they engaged in a long and bitter public controversy over who was to blame for the British defeat at Yorktown.

Though the British still had 26, troops in North America after Yorktown, their resolve to win the war was nothing like it had been before Yorktown. The war had been lengthy and costly. Before, the British had concentrated on defeating and destroying Washington's army. Now, since the French had joined the Americans, it was no longer just a rebellion but a world war. Now France and Spain were fighting against the British, who had to move troops from North America to defend other places. The British thought that as many as 50 percent of the population in the South was loyal to Britain. The two generals did not trust each other. He was afraid of sending troops home and having to depend more on Loyalist militia. Cornwallis was ready to go ahead with what troops he had.

In fact, Cornwallis had secured a commission to replace Clinton if Clinton repeated his threats to resign. Clinton sent Cornwallis south to recapture Charleston, South Carolina following the new plan. When he saw a chance to attack the new patriot army under Major General Horatio Gates , he did so without orders nearly wiping out the Americans. Cornwallis moved carelessly.

He broke up his command into smaller units in order to plague Cornwallis. Finally the two armies met at the Battle of Guilford Court House , which neither army won. Then, again without orders, he decided to march north to Virginia. Most of them were worded as suggestions rather than orders. But he did order Cornwallis to find a defensible position. This was so he could be evacuated by the Royal Navy, possibly to Philadelphia. Rochambeau convinced Washington they could attack and defeat Cornwallis. The two commanders began marching south to meet de Grasse's 27 ships and 3, troops.

But the French and Americans arrived first. Clinton had not yet learned of the French naval victory and did not know he could not rescue Cornwallis by sea. Cornwallis received another message in late September from Clinton telling him help was on the way. Cornwallis was misled again and thought he only had to hold out for a few days. Just after the clash between the French and British Fleets, a smaller French squadron carrying the French army's siege artillery slipped into the Chesapeake.

Now the French and Americans had bigger guns than Cornwallis had behind his earthen fortifications. Cornwallis made the first move, abandoning his outer works made up of four redoubts. Washington and Rochambeau thought this was a mistake. By October 9, they were close enough to begin the bombardment. The Americans and French stormed two of the redoubts on October 14, forcing the British back even further. The casualties were about British, French and 80 Americans. Rochambeau directed him to surrender to General Washington.

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